Makers of New Nations

Vocabulary-

persecution (n.) unjust treatment

Separatists (n.) a group of people from England who wanted to separatethemselves from the Church of England

pilgrim (n.) a person who travels to a place for religious reasons

Puritan (n.) a person from England who wanted to improve the church of England

dissenter (n.) a person whose views are different from those

of his or her leaders

Why do people move to new areas?

The resources and opportunities in North America attracted many settlers from Europe. Many people moved to North America for alternative reasons too.

The English Establish Colonies

There were many reasons that European countries had for building colonies. They wanted to gain wealth through the property of their land and the available natural resources. As they did when they were in their home countries, settlers wanted to grow rich by owning their own land in the colonies. Another reason that some settlers came to the colonies is to escape persecution. They also wanted to start fresh, a new life.

In the late 1500s, English monarchs, otherwise known as rulers, started distributing charters to form different sorts of colonies in North America.

Corporate Colonies

In corporate colonies, the monarch gave control of the land and its settlers to a business.

Proprietary Colonies

In proprietary colonies, control was given to a proprietor or group of proprietors.

Royal Colonies

In royal colonies, the monarch kept control, usually through their appointed officials.

By 1752, monarchs had changed many corporate and proprietary colonies into royal colonies.

Jamestown colony

Founding the Southern Colonies

Most Southern colonies started out as corporate colonies. On an island called Roanoke Island, John White founded a colony as a trading center in 1587. Later on, John White returned to England for supplies. When he returned in 1590, all the colonists had disappeared. It still remains a mystery of what happened to them.

In 1607 the Virginia Company Founded the Jamestown Colony. Illness, poor food, and lack of discipline caused many hardships for the colonists. Less than half of the amount of colonists survived in Jamestown. A new leader, John Smith passed a law that food will be distributed to only to those who worked. The colonists worked together to build houses and learn to use the area's natural resources. When the colony started planting tobacco, the colony started to thrive.Some Southern Colonies were founded as proprietary colonies. Lord Baltimore founded Maryland in 1634 as a place for Catholics who were persecuted form England. Some colonists in Maryland built large tobacco plantation crops. A group of proprietors founded the colony of Carolina in 1663. Over a period of time, the rich soil and good harbors attracted settlers to the thriving colony. In 1712, the colony divided into South Carolina and North Carolina. These became royal colonies in 1729.

Where oh Where Should we Settle?

How the 13 colonies came to be

You probably know that the original 13 colonies were in existence before there were what we call states. This was before they even called the land that they were on America and before there was, well, freedom.

You see, North America was long ago inhabited by Native Americans or what we called "Indians". During the age of exploration, Europeans came and founded settlements along the East Coast of America. The Spanish, Dutch, French and much more. Overall, the English colonists however, founded and controlled most of he land along the coast. They worked by the rule of the king of England. Gradually, they formed the... the, 13 colonies!

Many people came for the land's natural resources and crops. Some came for a better life but most came in order to obtain valuables through the fur trade. Different colonies formed based on the surrounding weather and climate.

The Southern colonies

The colonies down south across the East Coast were known as the Southern Colonies. Over here, the soil was richer and the climate was warmer. Many people chose to settle there for the great farming conditions and agriculture. Cash crops, or crops grown fir profit were grown in this area such as tobacco, indigo and rice.

New England Colonies

The colonies up North along the East Coast were called the New England Colonies because that is where the English first arrived. The Climate was cold and the soil was not sufficient for agricultural activities. The colonists who came there fished and raised livestock in order to earn a living. Lumber was used to make tools.

The Middle Colonies

The Netherlanders and Dutch first settled in the center of the two colonial regions. This area was known as the middle colonies. After a certain period of time, the English colonists took over. They grew various crops. The coast background provided them with available water transportation.

Conflicts in The New World

Did you know that there were other fights when America was just becoming a new country? You see, when Settlers first started traveling to the Northern part of America, Native American Indians already occupied the land. Therefore, the new settlers made contracts or treaties with the Indians. This was unfair because the Natives didn't understand English and were tricked into signing it. Even after this, the settlers would break the promise and try to take the land set aside for the Natives. This would cause a huge conflict. Here are some of the North American conflicts.

• Pequot War in 1637-Conflicts between the English colonists and the Pequot tribe over land, trade and culture
• Beaver Wars from 1640s to 1701-Conflicts between France and Iroquois against the Huron over furs and land
• Treaty of Doak's Stand in 1820-A treaty signed by the Choctaw with the U.S. to give the Choctaw more space and land West of the Mississippi Wounded Knee Cemetery>>>
• Sand Creek Massacre in 1864-Major John Chivington and his settlers killed many Cheyenne in Sand Creek, Colorado.

Europeans Settle in North America

During the age of Exploration, Spain made the largest land claims in the Americas.
After conquering much of present day Mexico and